for injuries or health impairment assessed within 90 days: imprisonment from 1 to 5 years or a fine.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nThe days of medical care in medico-legal documents are important, but the classification is not determined mechanically just by this number. What matters is the description of the injuries, the causal relationship, the evidence and the form of guilt.<\/p>\n
When bodily harm may occur: Art. 194<\/h2>\n
Article 194 applies when the act produces one of the consequences expressly provided for by law: disability, injuries requiring more than 90 days of medical care, serious and permanent aesthetic harm, abortion or endangering life. The punishment is, in the basic form, imprisonment from 2 to 7 years. If the act was committed with the intent to produce certain serious consequences listed by law, the punishment is from 3 to 10 years.<\/p>\n
The framing and consequences are evaluated based on the entire body of evidence, including the medical report and, if necessary, an expert opinion. A certificate is an important piece of evidence, but it does not replace the legal analysis of the case file.<\/p>\n
Aggravating circumstances and domestic violence<\/h2>\n
In Articles 193 and 194, the penalties may be increased by one third in the situations listed by law, such as the act against a minor, committing the act in public or carrying a weapon or a dangerous object. In the cases provided for in Article 193, paragraph (2\u00b9), the criminal action may also be initiated ex officio.<\/p>\n
For the act of Article 193 committed against a family member, Article 199 provides for the increase of the special maximum and allows the initiation of criminal proceedings ex officio. Law no. 53\/2026 also introduced Article 195\u00b9: it regulates increases for certain acts committed as a form of control or domination in a couple relationship and when a perpetrator commits the act in the presence of a minor. The classification depends on the fulfillment of concrete legal conditions.<\/p>\n
What evidence can count<\/h2>\n
Depending on the case, medical documents, the forensic certificate, photographs, admissible recordings, messages, 112 calls, witness statements and surveillance camera footage may be relevant. Note down the dates and locations as quickly as possible, identify the witnesses and keep the original files. Request the preservation of the video footage before it is automatically deleted.<\/p>\n
Pre-trial complaint and time limit<\/h2>\n
As a rule, for the acts provided for in Article 193, a preliminary complaint is required, which must be submitted within the legal deadline of 3 months from the date the injured person learned about the commission of the act. There are exceptions, including situations where the law allows the initiation of criminal prosecution ex officio. It does not mean that withdrawing the complaint automatically closes any case; the consequences depend on the classification and the applicable law.<\/p>\n
Consult the Criminal Code in its official form<\/a>, including Articles 193\u2013195\u00b9 and Article 199, as well as Law no. 116\/2025<\/a> and Law no. 53\/2026<\/a>. The terms and the timeframe must be verified for the specific situation.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"O lovire poate fi \u00eencadrat\u0103 diferit \u00een func\u021bie de urm\u0103rile produse, de probe \u0219i de \u00eemprejur\u0103rile faptei. Diferen\u021ba dintre infrac\u021biunea de lovire sau alte violen\u021be \u0219i v\u0103t\u0103marea corporal\u0103 influen\u021beaz\u0103 pedeapsa, modul de sesizare a organelor judiciare \u0219i probele necesare. Mai jos g\u0103se\u0219ti regulile relevante din Codul penal, inclusiv modific\u0103rile intrate \u00een vigoare \u00een 2025 \u0219i […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7131,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[173],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7130","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-penal"],"yoast_head":"\n
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