{"id":7139,"date":"2026-06-28T04:06:53","date_gmt":"2026-06-28T04:06:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/avocatbucuresti.ro\/?p=7139"},"modified":"2026-11-09T09:51:15","modified_gmt":"2026-11-09T09:51:15","slug":"opposition-brand-evidence-of-use","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/avocatbucuresti.ro\/en\/opozitie-marca-dovezi-utilizare\/","title":{"rendered":"Opozi\u021bia la \u00eenregistrarea m\u0103rcii: cum reac\u021bionezi la OSIM \u0219i EUIPO"},"content":{"rendered":"

Proprietatea intelectual\u0103, pas cu pas \u2014 episodul 5 \u00b7 Actualizat la 9 noiembrie 2026<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dup\u0103 depunerea cererii de marc\u0103 po\u021bi primi o opozi\u021bie de la cineva care invoc\u0103 un drept anterior. Sau po\u021bi descoperi o cerere apropiat\u0103 de marca afacerii tale. Prima reac\u021bie util\u0103 este s\u0103 identifici procedura, termenul \u0219i dreptul invocat. Opozi\u021bia nu \u00eenseamn\u0103 respingere automat\u0103 \u0219i nu stabile\u0219te, prin ea \u00eens\u0103\u0219i, existen\u021ba unei contrafaceri.<\/p>\n

Continu\u0103m episodul 4 despre cererea de marc\u0103<\/a>. Toate episoadele sunt \u00een the contents of the series<\/a>. Articolul existent a fost dezvoltat p\u0103str\u00e2nd adresa \u0219i data public\u0103rii ini\u021biale.<\/p>\n

Opozi\u021bie, observa\u021bie sau alt\u0103 procedur\u0103?<\/h2>\n

Opozi\u021bia prive\u0219te motive relative de refuz: un conflict cu un drept anterior relevant. Motivele absolute, precum lipsa caracterului distinctiv ori caracterul descriptiv, privesc semnul \u00een sine \u0219i pot face obiectul observa\u021biilor \u00een condi\u021biile aplicabile. Alegerea procedurii conteaz\u0103: nemul\u021bumirea fa\u021b\u0103 de numele unui concurent nu \u00eenlocuie\u0219te un temei juridic.<\/p>\n

Opozi\u021bia urm\u0103re\u0219te \u00eempiedicarea \u00eenregistr\u0103rii, integral sau pentru anumite produse \u0219i servicii. Anularea prive\u0219te o marc\u0103 deja \u00eenregistrat\u0103; contrafacerea prive\u0219te utilizarea unui semn, iar contesta\u021bia atac\u0103 o decizie. Fiecare are condi\u021bii \u0219i termene proprii. Respingerea opozi\u021biei nu rezolv\u0103 automat orice conflict posibil privind folosirea semnului.<\/p>\n

Termenul la OSIM: verific\u0103 publicarea admiterii<\/h2>\n

Pentru cererea na\u021bional\u0103, art. 26 alin. (1) din Legea nr. 84\/1998 prevede dou\u0103 luni de la publicarea admiterii cererii de \u00eenregistrare<\/strong>, conform art. 25 alin. (4). Nu confunda aceast\u0103 etap\u0103 cu publicarea ini\u021bial\u0103 a cererii. Distinc\u021bia este confirmat\u0103 \u0219i de explica\u021biile OSIM<\/a>.<\/p>\n

P\u0103streaz\u0103 publicarea relevant\u0103 din BOPI \u0219i verific\u0103 datele cererii. Dac\u0103 prime\u0219ti opozi\u021bia, termenul de r\u0103spuns comunicat de oficiu este distinct de termenul \u00een care oponentul putea ini\u021bia procedura. Noteaz\u0103 data comunic\u0103rii \u0219i verific\u0103 imediat anexele; o scrisoare adresat\u0103 direct concurentului nu \u00eenlocuie\u0219te depunerea la OSIM.<\/p>\n

EUIPO \u0219i \u00eenregistr\u0103rile interna\u021bionale<\/h2>\n

Pentru o cerere de marc\u0103 UE, art. 46 din Regulamentul (UE) 2017\/1001 stabile\u0219te trei luni de la publicarea cererii<\/strong>. EUIPO confirm\u0103 acest reper \u00een ghidul termenelor<\/a>. Nu transfera mecanic regulile na\u021bionale la procedura european\u0103.<\/p>\n

\u00cen sistemul Madrid, protec\u021bia este examinat\u0103 de oficiile teritoriilor desemnate. WIPO explic\u0103<\/a> c\u0103 un refuz provizoriu, inclusiv bazat pe opozi\u021bie, poate necesita r\u0103spuns \u00eentr-un termen calculat potrivit regulilor teritoriului respectiv. Verific\u0103 notificarea \u0219i eventuala reprezentare local\u0103; nu exist\u0103 o procedur\u0103 unic\u0103 de ap\u0103rare care s\u0103 rezolve automat toate desemn\u0103rile.<\/p>\n

Cine poate invoca dreptul anterior?<\/h2>\n

Identific\u0103 dreptul pe care \u00eel opui \u0219i persoana \u00eendrept\u0103\u021bit\u0103 s\u0103 \u00eel invoce. Pot conta m\u0103rci \u00eenregistrate, cereri anterioare sub condi\u021bia \u00eenregistr\u0103rii lor \u0219i alte drepturi, \u00een condi\u021biile legii. Pentru cererea UE poate conta \u0219i o marc\u0103 na\u021bional\u0103 dintr-un stat membru.<\/p>\n

Opozi\u021bia na\u021bional\u0103 se formuleaz\u0103 \u00een scris, cu motivele, temeiurile juridice \u0219i dovada taxei. Pot fi invocate mai multe drepturi ale aceluia\u0219i titular. Preg\u0103te\u0219te extrase din registre, actele privind titularul \u0219i lista exact\u0103 a produselor ori serviciilor contestate. Nu presupune c\u0103 orice lips\u0103 poate fi reparat\u0103 dup\u0103 expirarea termenului.<\/p>\n

Cum construie\u0219ti ap\u0103rarea<\/h2>\n

Compar\u0103 semnele vizual, fonetic \u0219i conceptual. Verific\u0103 titularul, teritoriul, prioritatea, statutul dreptului \u0219i produsele ori serviciile concrete. O clas\u0103 Nisa diferit\u0103 nu \u00eenl\u0103tur\u0103 singur\u0103 conflictul. Nici ad\u0103ugarea unei litere sau a unui desen nu ofer\u0103 o solu\u021bie sigur\u0103.<\/p>\n

\u00cen cauza Canon<\/em>, C-39\/97, hot\u0103r\u00e2rea din 29 septembrie 1998<\/a>, CJUE a cerut aprecierea global\u0103 a riscului de confuzie. Pentru similaritatea produselor \u0219i serviciilor conteaz\u0103, \u00eentre altele, natura, destina\u021bia, modul de utilizare, concuren\u021ba \u0219i complementaritatea. Hot\u0103r\u00e2rea nu ofer\u0103 un verdict automat pentru orice pereche de m\u0103rci.<\/p>\n

R\u0103spunsul trebuie s\u0103 lege fiecare argument de actele dosarului: ce diferen\u021b\u0103 conteaz\u0103 pentru public, ce produse sunt realmente comparate \u0219i ce anume probeaz\u0103 documentele oponentului. O afirma\u021bie general\u0103 c\u0103 afacerile sunt diferite este insuficient\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 explica\u021bii.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2nd po\u021bi cere dovada utiliz\u0103rii?<\/h2>\n

Ap\u0103rarea nu se aplic\u0103 oric\u0103rei m\u0103rci anterioare. Verific\u0103 \u00eemplinirea perioadei legale de cinci ani \u00een raport cu data depunerii ori priorit\u0103\u021bii cererii contestate. Solicitarea trebuie formulat\u0103 expres \u0219i \u00een termen; nu presupune c\u0103 oficiul o va face \u00een locul t\u0103u.<\/p>\n

Art. 26 alin. (4)\u2013(8) reglementeaz\u0103 aceast\u0103 ap\u0103rare la OSIM, iar art. 47 alin. (2)\u2013(3) prive\u0219te procedura UE. Facturile, etichetele, ambalajele, cataloagele, fotografiile \u0219i publicitatea trebuie corelate cu perioada, locul, \u00eentinderea \u0219i natura utiliz\u0103rii. Certificatul dovede\u0219te \u00eenregistrarea, nu singur utilizarea efectiv\u0103.<\/p>\n

Dac\u0103 utilizarea este dovedit\u0103 numai pentru o parte a listei, \u00eentinderea analizat\u0103 \u00een opozi\u021bie se poate reduce corespunz\u0103tor. Lipsa dovezii cerute poate conduce la respingerea opozi\u021biei, f\u0103r\u0103 s\u0103 produc\u0103 automat anularea ori dec\u0103derea m\u0103rcii anterioare. Vezi \u0219i ghidul probelor de utilizare<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Negocierea \u0219i solu\u021biile par\u021biale<\/h2>\n

Pot fi analizate o restr\u00e2ngere justificat\u0103 a listei, retragerea cererii ori opozi\u021biei \u0219i un acord de coexisten\u021b\u0103. \u00cen procedura OSIM exist\u0103 o perioad\u0103 ini\u021bial\u0103 de dou\u0103 luni pentru solu\u021bionarea amiabil\u0103; prelungirea cere demersurile procedurale corespunz\u0103toare. EUIPO are propria etap\u0103 de negociere, cunoscut\u0103 drept \u201ecooling-off\u201d.<\/p>\n

Negocierea nu suspend\u0103 automat termenele. Un acord trebuie s\u0103 precizeze cererile \u0219i semnele vizate, utiliz\u0103rile permise \u0219i m\u0103surile de comunicat oficiului. Restr\u00e2ngerea listei trebuie s\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103 compatibil\u0103 cu afacerea real\u0103. Opozi\u021bia poate avea un rezultat par\u021bial; verific\u0103 \u00eentinderea exact\u0103 a deciziei \u0219i calea de atac.<\/p>\n

O situa\u021bie strict ipotetic\u0103<\/h2>\n

O societate solicit\u0103 un nume inventat pentru o cafenea \u0219i cafea ambalat\u0103. Un titular invoc\u0103 o marc\u0103 anterioar\u0103 apropiat\u0103, protejat\u0103 pentru cafea. Solicitantul verific\u0103 dreptul \u0219i listele, compar\u0103 semnele \u0219i analizeaz\u0103 dac\u0103 poate cere dovada utiliz\u0103rii. P\u0103r\u021bile discut\u0103 \u0219i o eventual\u0103 limitare. Datele nu permit anticiparea solu\u021biei: chiar \u0219i serviciile \u0219i produsele din clase diferite pot necesita o analiz\u0103 comun\u0103.<\/p>\n

Gre\u0219eli frecvente \u0219i documente de p\u0103strat<\/h2>\n

Evit\u0103 calcularea termenului OSIM de la prima publicare, r\u0103spunsul dup\u0103 expirarea notific\u0103rii \u0219i a\u0219teptarea unui acord verbal. Arhiveaz\u0103 public\u0103rile, notific\u0103rile, confirm\u0103rile transmiterii, taxele, extrasele din registre \u0219i coresponden\u021ba. Organizeaz\u0103 probele pe perioade \u0219i produse, cu explica\u021bia leg\u0103turii fiec\u0103rui \u00eenscris cu marca.<\/p>\n

Firma \u00eenregistrat\u0103 la ONRC, marca, domeniul internet \u0219i dreptul de autor au obiecte distincte. Firma ori domeniul disponibil nu \u00eenl\u0103tur\u0103 o opozi\u021bie \u00eentemeiat\u0103 pe marc\u0103; pentru un logo verific\u0103 separat \u0219i drepturile creatorului.<\/p>\n

Frequently asked questions<\/h2>\n

Opozi\u021bia \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 am pierdut marca?<\/strong> Nu. Urmeaz\u0103 examinarea \u0219i decizia, care poate privi doar o parte a cererii.<\/p>\n

Pot negocia \u0219i r\u0103spunde simultan?<\/strong> Da. Coreleaz\u0103 negocierea cu termenele \u0219i actele cerute de oficiu.<\/p>\n

Oponentul pierde automat marca dac\u0103 nu probeaz\u0103 utilizarea?<\/strong> Nu. Efectul din opozi\u021bie este distinct de dec\u0103dere sau anulare.<\/p>\n

Repere legale verificate<\/h2>\n

Legea nr. 84\/1998, republicat\u0103 \u00een M.Of. nr. 277\/7 aprilie 2026<\/a>, art. 6 \u0219i 25\u201328; regulamentul de aplicare modificat prin HG nr. 1.197\/2022<\/a>; Regulamentul (UE) 2017\/1001, forma consolidat\u0103<\/a>, art. 8, 45\u201347; sursele OSIM, EUIPO, WIPO \u0219i cauza Canon<\/em> indicate mai sus. Consultare: 9 noiembrie 2026.<\/p>\n

Material informativ. Pentru analiza unei opozi\u021bii \u0219i a documentelor afacerii tale, sun\u0103 la 0732.710.701<\/a> sau folose\u0219te Contact page<\/a>. Evaluarea depinde de situa\u021bia concret\u0103, f\u0103r\u0103 garan\u021bii de rezultat.<\/p>\n

\u2190 Episodul 4<\/a> \u00b7 Cuprins<\/a> \u00b7 Urmeaz\u0103 episodul 6: Dovada utiliz\u0103rii m\u0103rcii \u0219i probele relevante.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Proprietatea intelectual\u0103, pas cu pas \u2014 episodul 5 \u00b7 Actualizat la 9 noiembrie 2026 Dup\u0103 depunerea cererii de marc\u0103 po\u021bi primi o opozi\u021bie de la cineva care invoc\u0103 un drept anterior. Sau po\u021bi descoperi o cerere apropiat\u0103 de marca afacerii tale. Prima reac\u021bie util\u0103 este s\u0103 identifici procedura, termenul \u0219i dreptul invocat. Opozi\u021bia nu \u00eenseamn\u0103 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7730,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[178],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7139","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pi-proprietate-intelectuala"],"yoast_head":"\nOpozi\u021bia la marc\u0103 la OSIM \u0219i EUIPO: cum reac\u021bionezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ai primit o opozi\u021bie la marc\u0103? 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