A blow can be classified differently depending on the consequences produced, the evidence and the circumstances of the act. The difference between the offense of assault or other violence and bodily harm influences the punishment, the way the judicial authorities are contacted and the necessary evidence. Below you find the relevant rules of the Criminal Code, including the amendments that came into force in 2025 and […]

Medical malpractice does not automatically constitute a crime. A negative medical outcome, a complication or the lack of healing do not, in themselves, constitute professional malpractice. Law no. 95/2006 defines malpractice as professional error in the medical act that causes harm and may lead to civil liability. Criminal liability is a separate matter: the act must meet the elements of a crime […]

What is the agreement of guilt recognition procedure? The procedure for the agreement of guilt recognition is regulated by the Code of Criminal Procedure. During the criminal prosecution, after the criminal action is initiated, the defendant and the prosecutor can conclude an agreement of guilt recognition, which is then verified by the court. It is not an informal negotiation and it is not […]

Drugs behind the wheel: what must be proven in the case file In a case of drug driving, Article 336(2) of the Criminal Code punishes driving a vehicle for which a driver’s license is required by a person under the influence of psychoactive substances. In Decision no. 25/2025, the High Court determined that both the presence of the substance and the driving ability must be proven […]

Assault and bodily harm: what distinguishes them The classification of an assault depends on the specific act, the medical consequences, the form of guilt and the evidence. The Criminal Code distinguishes between assault or other violence (art. 193) and bodily harm (art. 194). The medical certificate is important, but the number of days of care does not alone determine the legal solution. Assault or other violence – […]